Trauma and Ortho

CASE PRESENTATION INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND: The coronoid is the most important portion of ulno-humeral articulation Reasons: 1.  Provides anterior buttress 2.  Anterior capsule and brachialis attach to coronoid 3.  Anterior band of the MCL attaches to it     - Distally and medially on sublime tubercle Instability rises and prognosis deteriorates according to the amount of coronoid process that is fractured. ANATOMY:                    CLASSIFICATION: Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types: ·          type 1:  avulsion of the tip of the coronoid process ·          type 2:  fragment involving <50% of the coronoid process ·          type 3:  fragment involving >50...

CONGENITAL RADIAL-ULNAR SYNOSTOSIS INTRODUCTION:                        Synostosis, or osseous union, of any two adjacent bones can involve any part of the upper extremity. In 1793, Sandifort provided the initial description of congenital radial-ulna synositis . This condition is caused by a failure of segmentation between the radius and the ulna.  Synositis between the radius and ulna can take two general forms: Congenital and post-traumatic  v   Forearm begins as a single cartilaginous and divides from distal to proximal into the radius and ulna in the 7th week in utero. v   Failure of differentiation  results in synostosis in  proximal aspect of the forearm. v   60% of the cases are BILATERAL. v   Male are more affected than Female (3:2) ANATOMY;    SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: Ø   Painles...

AVASCULAR NECROSIS (AVN) OF THE HIP INTRODUCTION:               Avascular Necrosis is otherwise called as Osteonecrosis or Aseptic Necrosis of the hip. AVN of the hip is a painful condition that occurs when the blood supply to the bone is disrupted. Because bone cells die without a blood supply, AVN can ultimately lead to destruction of the hip joint and arthritis.  Although it can occur in any bone AVN most often affects the hip. Many people each year enter hospitals for the treatment of AVN of the hip. In many cases, both the hips are affected by the disease. ANATOMY:             The hip is a ball-and-socket joint. The socket is formed by the acetabulum, which is part of the large pelvis bone. The ball is the femoral head, which is the upper end of the femur (thighbone). A slippery tissue called articular cartilage covers the surface of the ball...